Harmonization of pre-analytical quality indicators     

Mario Plebani  Laura Sciacovelli  Ada Aita  Maria Laura Chiozza 《Biochemia medica : ?asopis Hrvatskoga dru?tva medicinskih biokemi?ara / HDMB》2014,24(1):105-113

Quality indicators (QIs) measure the extent to which set targets are attained and provide a quantitative basis for achieving improvement in care and, in particular, laboratory services. A body of evidence collected in recent years has demonstrated that most errors fall outside the analytical phase, while the pre- and post-analytical steps have been found to be more vulnerable to the risk of error. However, the current lack of attention to extra-laboratory factors and related QIs prevent clinical laboratories from effectively improving total quality and reducing errors. Errors in the pre-analytical phase, which account for 50% to 75% of all laboratory errors, have long been included in the ‘identification and sample problems’ category. However, according to the International Standard for medical laboratory accreditation and a patient-centered view, some additional QIs are needed. In particular, there is a need to measure the appropriateness of all test request and request forms, as well as the quality of sample transportation. The QIs model developed by a working group of the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (IFCC) is a valuable starting point for promoting the harmonization of available QIs, but further efforts should be made to achieve a consensus on the road map for harmonization.  相似文献   

Knowledge: Genuine and Bogus     

Mario Bunge 《Science & Education》2011,20(5-6):411-438

Pseudoscience is error, substantive or methodological, parading as science. Obvious examples are parapsychology, ??intelligent design,?? and homeopathy. Psychoanalysis and pop evolutionary psychology are less obvious, yet no less flawed in both method and doctrine. The fact that science can be faked to the point of deceiving science lovers suggests the need for a rigorous sifting device, one capable of revealing out the worm in the apple. This device is needed to evaluate research proposal as well as new fashions. Such a device can be designed only with the help of a correct definition of science, one attending not only to methodological aspects, such as testability and predictive power, but also to other features of scientific knowledge, such as intelligibility, corrigibility, and compatibility with the bulk of antecedent knowledge. The aim of this paper is to suggest such a criterion, to illustrate it with a handful of topical examples, and to emphasize the role of philosophy in either promoting or blocking scientific progress. This article is a revised version of a chapter in the author??s forthcoming book Matter and Mind (Springer). [The Appendix on inductive logic was written at the request of the editors in order to elaborate claims made in #10 (4).]  相似文献   

Rethinking disability in Amartya Sen’s approach: ICT and equality of opportunity     

Mario?TobosoEmail author 《Ethics and Information Technology》2011,13(2):107-118

This article presents an analysis of the concept of disability in Amartya Sen’s capabilities and functionings approach in the context of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT). Following a critical review of the concept of disability—from its traditional interpretation as an essentially medical concept to its later interpretation as a socially constructed category—we will introduce the concept of functional diversity. The importance of human diversity in the capabilities and functionings approach calls for incorporating this concept into the analysis of well-being and quality of life in persons with disability—aspects in which ICT currently plays a major role. When one contemplates these technologies, it becomes clear that factors such as accessibility, design for all, and user participation in development and implementation processes are key strategies in promoting equal rights and equal opportunity for persons with disability in the different environments of the information society.  相似文献   

Effect of hand paddles and parachute on the index of coordination of competitive crawl-strokers   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Telles T  Barbosa AC  Campos MH  Junior OA 《Journal of sports sciences》2011,29(4):431-438

We investigated the effects of hand paddles and parachute on the relative duration of stroke phases and index of coordination of competitive crawl-strokers. Eleven male-swimmers (age: 21.9 ± 4.5 years; 50-m best time: 24.23 ± 0.75 s) were evaluated in four maximal-intensity conditions: without equipment, with hand paddles, with parachute, and with both hand paddles and parachute. Relative stroke phase duration of each arm, swimming velocity, and stroke rate were analysed from video (60 Hz). The index of coordination was quantified based on the lag time between propulsive phases of each arm, which defined the coordination mode as catch-up, opposition or superposition. The stroke rate decreased in all conditions (P < 0.05) and swimming velocity decreased with parachute and with paddles + parachutes (P < 0.05). The coordination mode changed from catch-up in free swimming (-2.3 ± 5.0%) to opposition with paddles (-0.2 ± 3.8%), parachute (0.1 ± 3.1%), and paddles + parachute (0.0 ± 3.2%). Despite these variations, no significant differences were observed in relative duration of right and left arm-stroke phases, or in index of coordination. We conclude that the external resistances analysed do not significantly influence stroke phase organization, but, as a chronic effect, may lead to greater propulsive continuity.  相似文献   

Novice teacher vertical professional development? Exploring teachers’ and coaches’ beliefs throughout a two-year induction program     

Kwok  Andrew  Keese  Jeffrey  Suárez  Mario I.  Mitchell  Douglas  Huston  Debbee 《Learning Environments Research》2022,25(1):255-270

Learning Environments Research - The pedagogical beliefs of novice teachers and their coaches throughout a two-year induction program and how those beliefs impact their induction experiences were...  相似文献   

Defining Excellence     

Mario D. Fantini 《Equity & Excellence in Education》2013,46(4-6):32-42

The following excerpts are from Chapter Two of Mario D. Fantini's 1986 Regaining Excellence in Education, reprinted by permission of Merrill Publishing Company.  相似文献   

Academic misconduct,misrepresentation and gaming: A reassessment     

Mario Biagioli  Martin Kenney  Ben R. Martin  John P. Walsh 《Research Policy》2019,48(2):401-413

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Correction to: Using feedback requests to actively involve assessees in peer assessment: effects on the assessor’s feedback content and assessee’s agreement with feedback     

Michiel Voet  Mario Gielen  Ruth Boelens  Bram De Wever 《European Journal of Psychology of Education - EJPE》2018,33(4):771-773

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Timing of Homework Completion vs. Performance in General Chemistry     

Cosio  Mario N.  Williamson  Vickie M. 《Journal of Science Education and Technology》2019,28(5):523-531

The goal of this study was to investigate the timing of online homework completion and its effects on student performance. Data was collected from two large, first-semester general chemistry sections at a southwestern university. Specifically, this study aims to explore the link between when students complete their homework relative to the date the material was covered in lecture and student performance in that class. Topics covered in the study included VSEPR, Lewis structures, and molecular geometry. Performance was measured by different variables, namely in-class clicker scores (short-term) and exam grade (long-term). Students were divided into three groups: students who completed the relevant homework within 2 days after the lecture (before the next lecture), those who completed the homework 2 to 4 days after the lecture, and students who completed the homework more than 4 days after the material was covered in lecture. The study also took into consideration student reasoning abilities, as measured by the Test of Logical Thinking (TOLT), with a focus on at-risk students (low TOLT students). Results showed promising findings for low TOLT students. Instructors can employ results from this study to help their students better utilize the online homework resources.

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Effects on response time and accuracy of technology-enhanced cloze tests: an eye-tracking study     

Ponce  Héctor R.  Mayer  Richard E.  Sitthiworachart  Jirarat  López  Mario J. 《Educational technology research and development : ETR & D》2020,68(5):2033-2053

Educational technology research and development - The transition from paper-based tests to corresponding computer-administered tests allows for the incorporation of improved interfaces that support...  相似文献